Electronics
Electronics ->> Electronic Components ->> INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, RESISTORS AND CAPACITORS Integrated Circuits Most integrated circuits are small pieces, or “chips,” of silicon, perhaps 2 to 4 sq mm (0.08 to 0.15 sq in) long, in which transistors are fabricated. Photolithography enables the designer to create tens of thousands of transistors on a single chip by proper placement of the many n-type and p-type regions. These are interconnected with very small conducting paths during fabrication to produce complex special-purpose circuits. Such integrated circuits are called monolithic because they are fabricated on a single crystal of silicon. Chips require much less space and power and are cheaper to manufacture than an equivalent circuit built by employing individual transistors. Resistors If a battery is connected across a conducting material, a certain amount of current will flow through the material (see Resistance ). This current is dependent on the voltage of the battery,