Plastic Surgery, branch of surgery, dealing with the remodeling of any portion of the human body that has been damaged or deformed. The malformation may have occurred congenitally, that is, at birth, as a child born with a cleft palate or a cleft lip (see Birth Defects). Disfigurement may also be the result of injury or of deforming surgery required in treating such diseases as cancer. The primary objectives of plastic surgery are the correction of defects, the restoration of lost function, and the improvement of appearance.
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A stamp depicting the image of Hanaoka Seishu. Hanaoka Seishu (1760-1835), Japanese physician and pioneer of anesthetic surgery. Hanaok... -
In the N and W United States the era of mechanized agriculture began with the invention of such farm machines as the reaper, the cultivator,...
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Fluid Mechanics, physical science dealing with the action of fluids at rest or in motion, and with applications and devices in engineering u...